Browsing by Author "Campos, M"
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- Acute kidney injury in pregnancy: a clinical challengePublication . Machado, S; Figueiredo, N; Borges, A; Pais, MS; Freitas, L; Moura, P; Campos, MThe incidence of acute kidney injury in pregnancy declined significantly over the second half of the 20th century; however, it is still associated with major maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. A set of systemic and renal physiological adaptive mechanisms occur during a normal gestation that will constrain several changes in laboratory parameters of renal function, electrolytes, fluid and acid-base balances. The diagnosis of acute kidney injury in pregnancy is based on the serum creatinine increase. The usual formulas for estimating glomerular filtration rate are not validated in this population. During the first trimester of gestation, acute kidney injury develops most often due to hyperemesis gravidarum or septic abortion. In the third trimester, the differential diagnosis is more challenging for the obstetrician and the nephrologist and comprises some pathologies that are reviewed in this article: preeclampsia/HELLP syndrome, acute fatty liver of pregnancy and thrombotic microangiopathies.
- Cast nephropathy: an extremely rare renal presentation of Waldenström's macroglobulinaemiaPublication . Santos, T; Machado, S; Sousa, V; Campos, MRenal involvement in Waldenström's macroglobulinaemia (WM) is very unusual when compared to multiple myeloma. We report a case of a patient who developed anuric acute kidney injury secondary to cast nephropathy, dependent on high-flux haemodialysis. Complementary study revealed the presence of blood IgM monoclonal gammopathy and a massive bone marrow lymphoplasmacytic infiltration. There were no osteolytic lesions and no clinical signs/symptoms of hyperviscosity syndrome. The diagnosis of WM was established and a dexamethasone plus cyclophosphamide regime was started, in addition to plasmapheresis. The patient partially recovered renal function allowing haemodialysis and plasmapheresis withdrawal. He remained asymptomatic with a good response to chemotherapy and 12 months after his renal function remained stable. This is a rare clinical case in which WM presented as an IgM cast nephropathy, which in turn is an extremely rare renal presentation of this equally rare haematological disorder.
- De novo tacrolimus – associated hemolytic uremic syndrome after renal transplantation - Case reportPublication . Neto, P; Lopes, K; Macário, F; Alves, R; Mota, A; Campos, M
- Determinação da clearance do 99mTcDTPA por registo externo e por contagem da actividade sanguíneaPublication . Pedroso de Lima, J; Branco, JR; Campos, M; Ferreira, CM; Gondar, MM; Cravinho, MP; Ruas, MC; Ferrer-Antunes, A; Lima, J; Sousa, JP; Martins, RC; Marques, A
- Early Rehospitalization Post-Kidney Transplant Due to Infectious Complications: Can We Predict the Patients at Risk?Publication . Leal, R; Pinto, H; Galvão, A; Rodrigues, L; Santos, L; Romãozinho, C; Macário, F; Alves, R; Campos, M; Mota, A; Figueiredo, AINTRODUCTION: Rehospitalization early post-kidney transplant is common and has a negative impact in morbidity, graft survival, and health costs. Infection is one the most common causes, and identifying the risk factors for early readmission due to infectious complications may guide a preventive program and improve outcome. The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence, characterize the population, and identify the risk factors associated with early readmission for infectious complications post-kidney transplantation. METHODS: We performed a retrospective cohort study of all the kidney transplants performed during 2015. The primary outcome was readmission in the first 3 months post-transplant due to infectious causes defined by clinical and laboratory parameters. RESULTS: We evaluated 141 kidney transplants; 71% of subjects were men, with an overall mean age of 50.8 ± 15.4 years. Prior to transplant, 98% of the patients were dialysis dependent and 2% underwent pre-emptive living donor kidney transplant. The global readmission rate was 49%, of which 65% were for infectious complications. The most frequent infection was urinary tract infection (n = 28, 62%) and the most common agent detected by blood and urine cultures was Klebsiella pneumonia (n = 18, 40%). The risk factors significantly associated with readmission were higher body mass index (P = .03), diabetes mellitus (P = .02), older donor (P = .007), and longer cold ischemia time (P = .04). There were 3 graft losses, but none due to infectious complications. CONCLUSION: There was a high incidence of early rehospitalization due to infectious complications, especially urinary tract infections to nosocomial agents. The risk factors identified were similar to other series.
- Fabry’s disease, an eye-kidney disease reviewPublication . Guedes-Marques, M; Mira, F; Ferreira, E; Pinto, H; Maia, P; Mendes, T; Carreira, A; Campos, MFabry’s disease is a recessive X -linked disorder that results from a deficiency of the hydrolase alpha- -galactosidase A (α -Gal A). The absence of α -Gal A enzyme activity leads to accumulation of glycosphingolipid globotryaosylceramide (GL -3) in the lysosomes of a variety of cell types. It can cause skin and ocular lesions, progressive renal, cardiac or cerebrovascular disorders. The authors report the case of a 39 -year -old female who was referred to a nephrology appointment by her ophthalmologist, after the diagnosis of cornea verticillata and posterior subcapsular cataract. This case illustrates the importance of a multidisciplinary evaluation to an effective clinical screening. In males, most symptoms begin in childhood; in females the onset can be observed later and presentation is more variable. Various manifestations often lead to misdiagnosis or are frequently delayed for many years. Enzyme replacement therapy highlights the importance of early diagnosis so that treatment can be initiated before irreversible organ damage occurs.
- Fibrogenesis in Kidney Transplant: Dysfunction Progress BiomarkersPublication . Costa, J S; Alves, R; Sousa, V; Marinho, C; Romãozinho, C; Santos, L; Macário, F; Pratas, J; Prado E Castro, L; Campos, M; Figueiredo, AFibrogenesis markers, such as alpha-actin (AA), CD163 (macrophages), and E-cadherin, have been studied as chronic kidney allograft injury (CAI) predictors, a major cause of allograft failure. OBJECTIVE: Investigate the value of these markers in predicting CAI and initiation of dialysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospective analysis of 26 kidney allograft biopsies (from 22 patients with CAI) during 2 years, evaluating intensity and percentage of marked cells on glomeruli and tubulointerstitial compartment. At the time of the biopsy, patients were 45.5 ± 15.8 years and 4.2 years after transplant, and they had a mean glomerular filtration rate (GFR) of 25.8 ± 9.9 mL/min. From an average of 8.5 glomeruli per biopsy, there was ≤25% sclerosis in 17 cases, 26% to 50% in 5, and >50% in 4. Interstitial fibrosis or tubular atrophy affected ≤25% of cortical area in 14 cases, 26% to 50% in 8, and >50% in 2. Twelve patients started dialysis 5.8 ± 4.7 years after transplant, with an average GFR 20.9 mL/min at the time of the biopsy. RESULTS: There was a higher intensity and percentage of CD163-marked cells in the tubulointerstitial compartment in advanced interstitial fibrosis. We found an association between intensity of AA in the tubulointerstitial compartment and initiation of dialysis (P = .003) and a negative correlation between intensity of E-cadherin loss and GFR (r = -0.56, P = .012). CONCLUSIONS: In our study, intensity of tubulointerstitial AA was shown to be a predictor of initiation of dialysis, and E-cadherin loss intensity was associated to CAI progression. However, prospective and larger studies are needed to evaluate the predictive value of these markers.
- Impact of hepatitis B and C virus infections on kidney transplantation: a single center experiencePublication . Santos, L; Alves, R; Macário, F; Parada, B; Campos, M; Mota, AOBJECTIVE: The impacts of hepatitis C virus (HCV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections on patient and renal graft survivals are controversial. This study sought to evaluate the effects of pretransplantation HCV and HBV infections on renal transplant patients and their grafts at our center. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We retrospectively examined 1224 renal transplantations performed between 1992 and 2006, including 28 HBsAg positive; 64, anti-HCV; 9, anti-HCV plus HBsAg positive; and 1123, negative for anti-HCV and HBsAg. The mean posttransplantation follow-up was 5.6 +/- 4.1 years. RESULTS: The prevalences of HBV infection were 6.2% in 1994 and 2.3% in 2006 and those of HCV infection were 6.8% in 1998 and 5.2% in 2006. The rejection rate was higher among HBV+ (46.4%) and HCV+ (40.6%) groups than the negative groups (31.5%), but it was not significant. There were no significant differences in patient and graft survivals among the groups. The major cause of patient death was liver failure among patients with concomitant HBV+ and HCV+ infections and cardiovascular disease among HCV+ and negative patients. CONCLUSIONS: There has been a decrease in the prevalence of recipients with hepatitis virus infections over the last 15 years. Patient and graft survivals were not affected by HCV or HBV infection.
- Miocardite Lúpica: a propósito de um caso clínicoPublication . Costa, S; Franco, F; Monteiro, P; Oliveira, L; Vieira, H; Garrido, L; Gonçalves, L; Gomes, H; Campos, M; Providência, LAMyocarditis is one of the many possible forms of cardiac involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus. Its clinical presentation ranges from asymptomatic patients with self-limited disease to fulminant heart failure that can lead to death. In most cases treatment consists of supportive care only. The authors present the case of a patient with lupus myocarditis.
- Nephrotic Range Proteinuria in Renal Transplantation: Clinical and Histologic Correlates in a 10-year Retrospective StudyPublication . Leal, R; Pinto, H; Galvão, A; Santos, L; Romãozinho, C; Macário, F; Alves, R; Pratas, J; Sousa, V; Marinho, C; Prado E Castro, L; Campos, M; Mota, A; Figueiredo, AINTRODUCTION: There is a high incidence of nephrotic proteinuria in renal transplant recipients, which is an accurate predictor of graft loss. Despite this, its histologic correlates and prognostic implications are still not well characterized. We assessed the clinical and histological correlates of kidney transplantation patients with nephrotic range proteinuria. METHODS: We have retrospectively analyzed clinical and histological data from 50 kidney transplantation biopsy specimens from 44 renal transplant recipients with nephrotic range proteinuria between 2006 and 2015. The median follow-up time was 93 months (range, 14 months to 190 months). RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 45.2 ± 13.7 years and our cohort included 86% recipients of deceased-donor grafts. The maintenance immunosuppressive regimen included calcineurin inhibitors in 68% and mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors in 32% of patients. The average proteinuria was 6.9 ± 3.8 g/d and 52% of patients presented with nephrotic syndrome. The main histological findings were transplant glomerulopathy (22%), de novo glomerular disease (22%), and recurrence of primary disease (22%). Tubular atrophy and interstitial fibrosis was present in 78% of the biopsy specimens. Thirty-one patients (62%) lost the graft at follow-up. There was no statistically significant difference between the histologic diagnosis nor the proteinuria levels and the outcome of the graft. CONCLUSIONS: The main causes of nephrotic range proteinuria in patients undergoing biopsy were transplant glomerulopathy, recurrence of the underlying disease, and de novo glomerulonephritis. Nephrotic range proteinuria was related to a high rate of graft loss.