Browsing by Author "Santos, T"
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- Cast nephropathy: an extremely rare renal presentation of Waldenström's macroglobulinaemiaPublication . Santos, T; Machado, S; Sousa, V; Campos, MRenal involvement in Waldenström's macroglobulinaemia (WM) is very unusual when compared to multiple myeloma. We report a case of a patient who developed anuric acute kidney injury secondary to cast nephropathy, dependent on high-flux haemodialysis. Complementary study revealed the presence of blood IgM monoclonal gammopathy and a massive bone marrow lymphoplasmacytic infiltration. There were no osteolytic lesions and no clinical signs/symptoms of hyperviscosity syndrome. The diagnosis of WM was established and a dexamethasone plus cyclophosphamide regime was started, in addition to plasmapheresis. The patient partially recovered renal function allowing haemodialysis and plasmapheresis withdrawal. He remained asymptomatic with a good response to chemotherapy and 12 months after his renal function remained stable. This is a rare clinical case in which WM presented as an IgM cast nephropathy, which in turn is an extremely rare renal presentation of this equally rare haematological disorder.
- Comparison of diabetic retinopathy classification using fluorescein angiography and optical coherence tomography angiographyPublication . Soares, M; Neves, C; Marques, I; Pires, I; Schwartz, C; Costa, MÂ; Santos, T; Durbin, M; Cunha-Vaz, JPURPOSE: To analyse and compare the classification of eyes with diabetic retinopathy using fluorescein angiography (FA) and optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) performed either with AngioPlex or AngioVue. METHODS: This was an observational cross-sectional study of 50 eyes from 26 diabetic subjects. Two independent graders classified the FA angiograms, to assess the presence and severity of several characteristics according to the ETDRS Report 11, and a similar evaluation was performed for each 3×3 mm OCTA image from the superficial retinal layer and for the full retina slab. RESULTS: Percentages of non-gradable images for the outline of foveal avascular zone (FAZ) in the central subfield (CSF) were 29.0% for FA, 12.0% for AngioVue and 3.0% for AngioPlex. For capillary loss, percentages of non-gradable images in the CSF were 25.0% for FA, 11% for AngioVue and 0.0% for AngioPlex. For the inner ring (IR), percentages of non-gradable images were 12.5% for FA, 11.5% for AngioVue and 0.5% for AngioPlex. Agreement between graders was substantial for outline of FAZ. For capillary loss, the agreement was fair for the CSF, and moderate for the IR. CONCLUSIONS: The OCTA allows better discrimination of the CSF and parafoveal macular microvasculature than FA, especially for FAZ disruption and capillary dropout, without the need of an intravenous injection of fluorescein. In addition, FA had also a higher number of non-gradable images. The OCTA can replace with advantage the FA, as a non-invasive and more sensitive procedure for detailed morphological evaluation of central macular vascular changes. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT02391558, Pre-results.
- Death ideation in cancer patients: contributing factorsPublication . Madeira, N; Albuquerque, E; Santos, T; Mendes, A; Roque, MAdvances in cancer research and therapy have improved prognosis and the quality of life of many patients. However, previous epidemiological studies in oncologic patients have shown an increased risk of suicide. Suicidal thoughts, relatively well known in those terminally ill, may be just as important for cancer patients who are survivors or are living with the disease. Nonetheless, there is a relative paucity of data about suicidality in this setting. The authors conducted a prospective observational study to identify death thoughts and to explore the factors associated with suicidal ideation in cancer patients. A sample of 130 patients referred for psychiatric consultation was obtained following informed consent and authorization from the local ethics committee. A semistructured interview assessed sociodemographic data, psychosocial support, and information regarding the cancer process and its treatment. Psychometric instruments were used to evaluate psychopathology, namely the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, the Beck Hopelessness Scale, and the Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation. Psychiatric diagnoses were obtained through the application of the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview. Death ideation was identified in 34.6% of patients, yet only 10% had active suicidal thoughts. Risk of suicide was associated with female gender, a psychiatric diagnosis (major depressive disorder, panic disorder, or dysthymia), difficult interpersonal relationships, associated pain, high hopelessness, and depressive and anxiety symptoms. Although suicidal thoughts are frequent in cancer patients at different stages of disease, most are transitory. Risk factors for suicidal ideation have been identified, such as depression, hopelessness, uncontrolled pain, and difficult interpersonal relationships. Further assessment is necessary to identify those at higher risk of attempting suicide, and underlying psychiatric disorders should be vigorously treated.
- Depression: An unrecognized presentation of hyperthyroidism in old agePublication . Madeira, N; Santos, T
- Eletroconvulsoterapia no tratamento da psicose puerperalPublication . Madeira, N; Santos, T; Relvas, J; Pio-Abreu, JL; Oliveira, CVPuerperal psychosis (PP) is an exuberant clinical syndrome with an estimated frequency of 1 case per 1,000 childbirths that has been most consistently associated with the bipolar disorders spectrum. Available evidence is scarce, namely regarding management and treatment. The authors present the clinical case of a 28 year-old first-time mother, with no psychiatric history, who developed a florid psychotic syndrome in the first weeks of puerperium. Due to lack of improvement following pharmacological treatment, electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) was applied, with substantial and quick response. In this context, the authors reviewed current literature on the use of ECT for the treatment of puerperal psychosis.
- Internamentos Compulsivos: revisão da casuística dos HUC e HIP no triénio 2006-2008.Publication . Madeira, N; Santos, T; Cabral, A; Santos, Vão obstante terem passado mais de 10 anos sobre a publicação da Lei de Saúde Mental, o intenso debate e reflexão ocorridos não foram acompanhados por publicação, igualmente profusa, de investigação clínica sobre a epidemiologia dos internamentos compulsivos. Os autores procuraram caracterizar o arquétipo do doente submetido a internamento involuntário em Portugal, apreciando variáveis demográficas, clínicas e legais. Para esse fim, conduziu-se um estudo retrospectivo dos internamentos compulsivos ocorridos entre 2006 e 2008 em dois hospitais: os Hospitais da Universidade de Coimbra (HUC) e o Hospital Infante D. Pedro – Aveiro (HIP). Uma amostra de 384 internamentos foi recolhida e caracterizada, apresentando-se resultados desta investigação e discussão dos dados obtidos.
- Isotretinoína, depressão e suicídioPublication . Madeira, N; Santos, T; Santos, Z; Reis-Marques, A
- Major Depressive Disorder: psychiatric nosology's 'black dog'Publication . Santos, T; Madeira, N; Santos, V; Leite, R
- Neuroticism: The Elephant in the RoomPublication . Santos, T; Madeira, NThe term neurosis has a long tradition in psychiatric nosology. It was first introduced by Cullen referring to diseases of the nervous system in which there were no obvious physical lesion. It evolved to a wide use with the assumption of an aetiological meaning in the psychodynamic literature. Partially as a result, it has been removed as an organizing principle in psychiatric classifications subsisting, however, in the heading of one group of disorders of ICD-10. Nevertheless, in the clinical context, the terms “neuroticism” and “neurotic” are often used as an informal diagnostic for a relatively large group of patients described as presenting both depressive and anxiety symptoms of fluctuating, chronic pattern and frequently associated with underlying maladaptive personality traits. Most interestingly, a sparking debate subsists among clinicians and researchers on how to categorize such patients. The concept of dysthymia is challenged by several methodological and epistemological issues, along with a raising number of authors sustaining other constructs as better describing the developmental nature of what Schneider called “the aristocracy of suffering”. The authors address these issues revising the available scientific literature, suggesting that, paradoxically, current classifications on the subject do not effectively describe the core aspects of a common and highly resource-consuming set of patients.
- Psychiatric aspects of tumours of the central nervous systemPublication . Madeira, N; Oliveira, P; Santos, T; Albuquerque, E