Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2021"
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- Lesões Cervicais no MergulhoPublication . Moura, DL; Farinha, PM; Lourenço, P; Jardim, CAs lesões da coluna cervical associadas a atividades aquáticas, tais como o mergulho, ocorrem principalmente em indivíduos jovens e saudáveis. As lesões mais comuns são as fraturas e luxações das vértebras cervicais, habitualmente de C5, C6 e C7, podendo estar associadas a lesão da medula espinhal, mais frequentemente no nível C5 e C6. São causa primária de tetraplegia associada a atividades recreativas, caracterizando-se por dependência funcional grave com condicionantes familiares e socioeconómicas importantes. A antecipação do risco e a prática prudente do mergulho, associados a campanhas de sensibilização para as potenciais consequências, devem estar na linha da frente na prevenção da ocorrência destas lesões.
- Decrease in Stigma Towards Mental Illness in Portuguese Medical Students After a Psychiatry CoursePublication . Vilar Queirós, R; Santos, V; Madeira, NIntroduction: Stigma towards mental illness is considered a key obstacle to the provision of medical care to psychiatric patients. This is not only present in the general population but also among healthcare professionals. Therefore, medical students could be a target population for stigma prevention measures. The aim of this study is to assess the evolution of the attitudes of medical students from the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Coimbra towards psychiatric patients, before and after attending Psychology and Psychiatric courses. Material and Methods: Students from the third and fourth years of the integrated Master’s degree in Medicine in the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Coimbra were asked to complete four questionnaires. The surveys were distributed before and after the attendance of the courses. Results: There was a statistically significant decrease of the stigma scores (p = 0.025) between the two measurements (38.16 initially, 36.72 on the second moment). The baseline level of stigma was found to be negatively associated with empathy (rP = -0.477) and with the type of personality, with higher levels of openness to new experiences being associated with lower levels of initial stigma (rP= -0.357). Discussion: Overall, the students’ attitudes towards patients with mental illness were positive, with a decrease of the stigma value from the first to the second semester. This corroborates the hypothesis that education and contact with people with a mental condition could shape positive changes in attitudes and discrimination against those patients. Conclusion: Our results emphasise the importance of implementing programs inside medical schools in order to reduce stigma among future doctors.
- Sequelas da COVID-19 Evidência AtualPublication . Moura, DL; Dias, A; Farinha, PM; Farinha, JM; Robalo-Cordeiro, CA epidemia de Coronavirus Disease 2019 disseminou-se pelo mundo em poucos meses, levando à sua designação de pandemia. Múltiplas medidas de saúde pública foram implementadas nos países afetados para conter e mitigar a disseminação da doença. A necessidade de distanciamento físico leva a que esta pandemia tenha um impacto importante na sociedade e particularmente no desporto, provocando cancelamento e adiamento de treinos, competições e eventos. No entanto, o início da pandemia data já de 2019, com preocupações globais, não só na fase aguda da doença com as suas consequências imediatas, mas também com as eventuais sequelas a médio e a longo prazo e o risco de cronicidade de alguns sintomas, em particular na população jovem. Neste artigo revemos a limitada evidência científica atual acerca da relevância clínica das sequelas da COVID-19, em particular do foro respiratório e cardíaco, e finalizamos com recomendações de avaliação das sequelas em atletas e com indicações para regresso seguro à prática desportiva.
- AB0747 MATERNAL AND FETAL OUTCOMES IN PREGNANT WOMEN WITH JUVENILE IDIOPATHIC ARTHRITIS: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEWPublication . Pinheiro Torres, R; Fernandes Lourenco, MH; Neto, A; Pimentel Dos Santos, F; Silva, I; Mourão, AF; Donato, H; Costa, M; Branco, J
- Personality, cognitive emotion regulation and insomniaPublication . Amaral, AP; Bos, SC; Soares, MJ; Pereira, AT; Marques, M; Madeira, N; Nogueira, V; Bajouco, M; Macedo, A
- The EFIS vaccination task force expert reportPublication . Sarantopoulos, A; Brown, D; Wiedermann, U; Alvarez Dominguez, C; Bogdan, C; Gürsel, I; Jankovic, S; Leclerc, C; Locati, M; Spurkland, A; Regateiro, FS; Van Damme, P; Žvirbliene, A; Wensveen, FM
- Mitochondrial Alterations in Fibroblasts of Early Stage Bipolar Disorder PatientsPublication . Marques, AP; Resende, R; Silva, DF; Batista, M; Pereira, D; Wildenberg, B; Morais, S; Macedo, A; Pais, C; Melo, JB; Madeira, N; Pereira, CFThis study aims to evaluate whether mitochondrial changes occur in the early stages of bipolar disorder (BD). Using fibroblasts derived from BD patients and matched controls, the levels of proteins involved in mitochondrial biogenesis and dynamics (fission and fusion) were evaluated by Western Blot analysis. Mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) was studied using the fluorescent probe TMRE. Mitochondrial morphology was analyzed with the probe Mitotracker Green and mitophagy was evaluated by quantifying the co-localization of HSP60 (mitochondria marker) and LC3B (autophagosome marker) by immunofluorescence. Furthermore, the activity of the mitochondrial respiratory chain and the glycolytic capacity of controls and BD patients-derived cells were also studied using the Seahorse technology. BD patient-derived fibroblasts exhibit fragmented mitochondria concomitantly with changes in mitochondrial dynamics and biogenesis in comparison with controls. Moreover, a decrease in the MMP and increased mitophagy was observed in fibroblasts obtained from BD patients when compared with control cells. Impaired energetic metabolism due to inhibition of the mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) and subsequent ATP depletion, associated with glycolysis stimulation, was also a feature of BD fibroblasts. Overall, these results support the fact that mitochondrial disturbance is an early event implicated in BD pathophysiology that might trigger neuronal changes and modification of brain circuitry.
- A fundamental distinction in early neural processing of implicit social interpretation in schizophrenia and bipolar disorderPublication . Madeira, N; Martins, R; Valente Duarte, J; Costa, G; Macedo, A; Castelo-Branco, MBackground: Social cognition impairment is a key phenomenon in serious mental disorders such as schizophrenia (SCZ) and bipolar disorder (BPD). Although genetic and neurobiological studies have suggested common neural correlates, here we hypothesized that a fundamental dissociation of social processing occurs at an early level in these conditions. Methods: Based on the hypothesis that key structures in the social brain, namely the temporoparietal junction, should present distinctive features in SCZ and BPD during low-level social judgment, we conducted a case-control study in SCZ (n = 20) and BPD (n = 20) patients and controls (n = 20), using task-based fMRI during a Theory of Mind (ToM) visual paradigm leading to interpretation of social meaning based on simple geometric figures. Results: We found opposite neural responses in two core ToM regions: SCZ patients showed social content-related deactivation (relative to controls and BPD) of the right supramarginal gyrus, while the opposite pattern was found in BPD; reverse patterns, relative to controls and SCZ, were found in the left posterior superior temporal gyrus, a region involved in inferring other's intentions. Receiver-operating-characteristic curve analysis showed 88% accuracy in discriminating the two clinical groups based on these neural responses. Conclusions: These contrasting activation patterns of the temporoparietal junction in SCZ and BPD represent mechanistic differences of social cognitive dysfunction that may be explored as biomarkers or therapeutic targets.
- Clinical performance of monolithic CAD/CAM tooth-supported zirconia restorations: systematic review and meta-analysisPublication . Leitão, CB; Fernandes, GO; Azevedo, LP; Araújo, FM; Donato, H; Correia, APurpose: The purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate the survival rate, biological complications, technical complications, and clinical behavior of single crowns supported by teeth made up in monolithic zirconia with CAD/CAM technology. Study selection: An extensive electronic search was conducted through Medline/PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases. Additional manual search was performed on the references of included articles to identify relevant publications. Two reviewers independently performed the selection and electronic and manual search. Results: From nine articles included, there was a total of 594 participants and 1657 single-tooth restorations with a mean exposure time of 1.07 years, and follow-up period between 0.3 and 2.1 years. All studies showed a moderate level of quality, with a consequent moderate possibility of associated bias, using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS), with survival rate (SR) ranging between 91% to 100%. Bleeding on probing (BOP) were reported with an average value of 29.12%. Marginal integrity showed high success rate values for the observation periods, except for one that included patients with bruxism which obtained a SR of 31.60%. Failures and/or fractures, mostly total and requiring replacement, were observed in three studies. Linear regression showed that there was no statistical correlation between survival rate and type of cementation and the average years of follow-up (p=0.730 e p=0.454). There was high heterogeneity between studies (I2 = 93.74% and Q = 79.672). Conclusions: Within the limitation of this study, monolithic zirconia might be considered as a possible option for restoring single crowns, especially in the posterior zone.
- Therapeutic Nanoparticles for the Different Phases of Ischemic StrokePublication . Bernardo-Castro, S; Albino, I; Barrera-Sandoval, ÁM; Tomatis, F; Sousa, JA; Martins, E; Simões, S; Lino, MM; Ferreira, L; Sargento-Freitas, JStroke represents the second leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Ischemic strokes are the most prevalent type of stroke, and they are characterized by a series of pathological events prompted by an arterial occlusion that leads to a heterogeneous pathophysiological response through different hemodynamic phases, namely the hyperacute, acute, subacute, and chronic phases. Stroke treatment is highly reliant on recanalization therapies, which are limited to only a subset of patients due to their narrow therapeutic window; hence, there is a huge need for new stroke treatments. Nonetheless, the vast majority of promising treatments are not effective in the clinical setting due to their inability to cross the blood-brain barrier and reach the brain. In this context, nanotechnology-based approaches such as nanoparticle drug delivery emerge as the most promising option. In this review, we will discuss the current status of nanotechnology in the setting of stroke, focusing on the diverse available nanoparticle approaches targeted to the different pathological and physiological repair mechanisms involved in each of the stroke phases.