Browsing by Author "Lopes, S"
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- Arterite de grandes vasos como causa de síndrome febril indeterminado: um caso clínicoPublication . Broco, S; Lopes, S; Vieira, JD; Alexandrino, MB; Moura, JA
- Bezoar gástrico e intestinal: caso clínico e revisão da literaturaPublication . Andrade, CS; Lopes, S; Pinheiro, C; Figueiredo, P; Tomé, L; Pinho, A; Martinho, F; Sofia, C; Leitão, MOs bezoars gastrointestinais são achados relativamente raros, apresentando uma variação regional na sua distribuição relacionada com diferenças na ingestão de alimentos ricos em fibras. A sua verdadeira incidência é desconhecida. A sua ocorrência apresenta uma tendência crescente, em provável relação com a maior taxa de cirurgias gastroduodenais realizadas no último século, consideradas factores de risco para a sua formação. Os autores apresentam o caso de um doente com antecedentes de cirurgia gastroduodenal, com quadro clínico caracterizado por vómitos alimentares, dor e distensão abdominal, paragem de emissão de fezes, anorexia e perda ponderal. O estudo complementar levantou a suspeita da existência de dois bezoars, um gástrico e um intestinal, a qual foi confirmada por laparotomia.Gastrointestinal bezoars are relatively uncommon findings and its distribution has a regional variation that correlates with differences in fibre enriched alimentary products ingestion. Its true incidence is unknown but its occurrence shows a growing tendency, which is probably related with the higher number of gastroduodenal surgeries performed in the past century, considered to be risk factors for bezoar formation. The authors present the case of a patient with a past history of gastric and duodenal surgery, admitted with vomiting, abdominal pain and distension, anorexia and weight loss. The diagnostic workup brought about the possibility of the existence of two bezoars, one gastric and one intestinal, which were confirmed by surgery.
- Capsule endoscopy assisted by traditional upper endoscopyPublication . Almeida, N; Figueiredo, P; Lopes, S; Freire, P; Lérias, C; Gouveia, H; Leitão, MBACKGROUND AND AIMS: Capsule endoscopy (CE) can be prevented by difficulties in swallowing the device and/or its gastric retention. In such cases, endoscopic delivery of the capsule to duodenum is very useful. We describe the indications and outcomes of cases in which traditional endoscopic techniques allowed placement of the capsule in duodenum. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This is a retrospective, descriptive case series. All patients in the above conditions were identified and indications for CE, endoscopic-placement technique, complications and completeness of small bowel imaging were registered. RESULTS: Endoscopic-assisted delivery of the capsule was necessary in 13 patients (2.1% of all CE; 7 males; mean age--47.9 +/- 24.9 years, range 13 to 79 years). Indications for endoscopic delivery included: inability to swallow the capsule (7), gastric retention in previous exams (3), abnormal upper gastrointestinal anatomy (3). In eight patients, the capsule was introduced in GI tract with: foreign body retrieval net alone (3), retrieval net and a translucent cap (2), prototype delivery device (2) or a polypectomy snare (1). Five patients ingested the capsule that was then placed in duodenum with a polypectomy snare (3) or a retrieval net (2). No major complications occurred. Complete small bowel examination was possible in 10 patients (77%). CONCLUSIONS: Endoscopic placement of capsule endoscope in the duodenum is rarely needed. However it may be safely performed by different techniques avoiding some limitations of CE. The best methods for endoscopic delivery of the capsule in the duodenum seem to be retrieval net with a translucent cap when the patient is unable to swallow the device or a retrieval net only to capture the capsule in the stomach when the patients swallows it easily.
- Capsule endoscopy in inflammatory bowel disease type unclassified and indeterminate colitis serologically negativePublication . Lopes, S; Figueiredo, P; Portela, F; Freire, P; Almeida, N; Lérias, C; Gouveia, H; Leitão, MCBACKGROUND: The value of capsule endoscopy in the setting of inflammatory bowel disease type unclassified (IBDU) and indeterminate colitis (IC) remains obscure. The aim was to evaluate the clinical impact of capsule endoscopy on IBDU/IC patients with negative serology. METHODS: Eighteen patients with long-standing IBDU (n = 14) and IC (n = 4) were enrolled to undergo a capsule endoscopy and then followed prospectively. Lesions considered diagnostic of Crohn's disease (CD) were 4 or more erosions/ulcers and/or a stricture. The median follow-up time after capsule endoscopy was 32 ± 11 months (23-54 months). RESULTS: Total enteroscopy was possible in all patients. In 2 patients the examination was normal (Group 1). In 9 patients subtle findings were observed (Group 2): focal villi denudation (n = 1) and fewer than 4 erosions/ulcers (n = 8). In 7 patients, 4 or more erosions/ulcers were detected (Group 3), leading to a diagnosis of CD. However, their treatment was not reassessed on the basis of the capsule findings. Until now, a definitive diagnosis has been achieved in 2 additional patients: 1 from Group 1 (ulcerative colitis) and another patient from Group 2 (CD), who began infliximab infusions. Nine patients remained indeterminate at follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Although capsule endoscopy enabled the diagnosis of CD in 7 patients, in none of them was the clinical management changed. Moreover, a change in therapy due to a diagnosis of CD was made for only 1 patient, who presented nonspecific findings. Our results suggest that capsule findings are not helpful in the work-up of these patients
- Doença celíaca: revisão de conceitos e novos desenvolvimentosPublication . Pedro, N; Lopes, S; Szantho, A; Costa, A; Moura, JJ
- Effect of portal hypertension in the small bowel: an endoscopic approachPublication . Figueiredo, P; Almeida, N; Lérias, C; Lopes, S; Gouveia, H; Leitão, MC; Freitas, DBACKGROUND AND AIM: The effects of portal hypertension in the small bowel are largely unknown. The aim of the study was to prospectively assess portal hypertension manifestations in the small bowel. METHODS: We compared, by performing enteroscopy with capsule endoscopy, the endoscopic findings of 36 patients with portal hypertension, 25 cirrhotic and 11 non-cirrhotic, with 30 controls. RESULTS: Varices, defined as distended, tortuous, or saccular veins, and areas of mucosa with a reticulate pattern were significantly more frequent in patients with PTH. These two findings were detected in 26 of the 66 patients (39%), 25 from the group with PTH (69%) and one from the control group (3%) (P < 0.0001). Among the 25 patients with PTH exhibiting these patterns, 17 were cirrhotic and 8 were non-cirrhotic (P = 0.551). The presence of these endoscopic changes was not related to age, gender, presence of cirrhosis, esophageal or gastric varices, portal hypertensive gastropathy, portal hypertensive colopathy, prior esophageal endoscopic treatment, current administration of beta-blockers, or Child-Pugh Class C. More patients with these endoscopic patterns had a previous history of acute digestive bleeding (72% vs. 36%) (P = 0.05). Active bleeding was found in two patients (5.5%). CONCLUSIONS: The presence of varices or areas of mucosa with a reticulate pattern are manifestations of portal hypertension in the small bowel, found in both cirrhotic and non-cirrhotic patients. The clinical implications of these findings, as regards digestive bleeding, are uncertain, although we documented acute bleeding from the small bowel in two patients (5.5%).
- Epigastralgias por osso espetado na parede gástricaPublication . Freire, P; Gomes, D; Sousa, H; Portela, F; Andrade, P; Lopes, S; Alves, S; Gouveia, H; Leitão, M
- Glycogenic acanthosis of the esophagus: an unusually endoscopic appearancePublication . Lopes, S; Figueiredo, P; Amaro, P; Freire, P; Alves, S; Cipriano, MA; Gouveia, H; Sofia, C; Leitão, M
- Induced liver injury after high-dose methylprednisolone in a patient with multiple sclerosisPublication . Oliveira, AT; Lopes, S; Cipriano, MA; Sofia, CA 33-year-old woman with multiple sclerosis, medicated with high doses of methylprednisolone, cyclophosphamide and glatiramer acetate, was referred to our department due to acute liver injury. The laboratory investigation was normal except for weakly positive antinuclear antibodies. Cyclophosphamide and glatiramer acetate were suspended, and intravenous immunoglobulin with maintenance of high doses of methylprednisolone was initiated. The patient developed another episode of acute hepatitis so the immunoglobulin was stopped. After that, she had three more episodes of elevation of liver enzymes with no hepatic insufficiency while medicated only with high doses of methylprednisolone. At this time, liver biopsy showed focal centrilobubar hepatocyte necrosis with minimal interface hepatitis. After the high doses of methylprednisolone were suspended, the patient remained asymptomatic, with normal hepatic enzymes. This case emphasises that, although rare, induced liver injury after high doses of methylprednisolone can occur.
- Megacólon Tóxico - Experiência de um Serviço de GastrenterologiaPublication . Lopes, S; Amaro, P; Portela, F; Cancela, E; Ferreira, M; Romãozinho, JM; Leitão, M